1. Translations
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Horizontal translations affect the x-coordinate, and vertical translations affect the y-coordinate.
T_(<-12, 4>)(H)
12 units left and 4 units up Since the point moves 12 units left and 4 units up, we will subtract 12 from the x-coordinate, and add 4 to the y- coordinate. With this, we can write the rule, as shown below. (x - 12,y+4) → T_(< -12, 4>)(H)