McGraw Hill Integrated II, 2012
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McGraw Hill Integrated II, 2012 View details
3. Tests for Parallelograms
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Exercise 38 Page 502

See solution.

Practice makes perfect

We are asked to show that the midpoints of the sides of any quadrilateral form a parallelogram. In a coordinate proof we can use the Midpoint Formula. The midpoint between(x_1,y_1)and(x_2,y_2)is (x_1+x_2/2,y_1+y_2/2) Let's find the coordinates of the midpoint of the diagonals of quadrilateral PQRS. Let's start with the midpoint of PR.

Point P is the midpoint between A(a_x,a_y) and B(b_x,b_y). P(a_x+b_x/2,a_y+b_y/2) Point R is the midpoint between C(c_x,c_y) and D(d_x,d_y). R(c_x+d_x/2,c_y+d_y/2) Let's use these coordinates to find the midpoint of PR.
(x_1+x_2/2,y_1+y_2/2)
(a_x+b_x/2+c_x+d_x/2/2,a_y+b_y/2+c_y+d_y/2/2)
â–Ľ
Simplify
(a_x+b_x+c_x+d_x/2/2,a_y+b_y+c_y+d_y/2/2)
(a_x+b_x+c_x+d_x/4,a_y+b_y+c_y+d_y/4)
We can find the midpoint of QS similarly.
(x_1+x_2/2,y_1+y_2/2)
(b_x+c_x/2+a_x+d_x/2/2,b_y+c_y/2+a_y+d_y/2/2)
â–Ľ
Simplify
(b_x+c_x+a_x+d_x/2/2,b_y+c_y+a_y+d_y/2/2)
(b_x+c_x+a_x+d_x/4,b_y+c_y+a_y+d_y/4)
(a_x+b_x+c_x+d_x/4,a_y+b_y+c_y+d_y/4)
Since the midpoint of PR and QS is the same, the two diagonals of quadrilateral PQRS bisect each other. According to Theorem 6.11, this means that PQRS is a parallelogram.