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| 14 Theory slides |
| 11 Exercises - Grade E - A |
| Each lesson is meant to take 1-2 classroom sessions |
Here are a few recommended readings before getting started with this lesson.
Consider four different graphs of functions. Examine them closely to determine both similarities and differences.
A quadratic expression is a specific type of polynomial that follows the form ax2+bx+c. Each term has a specific name.
For an expression in this form to be quadratic, a must be a non-zero number. Consider a few examples of quadratic functions.
Quadratic Expression |
---|
x2+3x+5 |
5x2+41x+23 |
53x2+21x+4.3 |
Commutative Property of Addition
Add and subtract terms
Commutative Property of Addition
6x3−6x3=0
Identity Property of Addition
Commutative Property of Addition
Add and subtract terms
Commutative Property of Addition
Consider the given algebraic expression. Determine whether it is a quadratic expression by combining like terms.
A parabola can be vertical or horizontal. A vertical parabola can open upward or downward. In comparison, a horizontal parabola can open to the left or the right. The graph of a quadratic function is a vertical parabola.
A parabola either opens upward or downward. This is the direction of the parabola . If the leading coefficient a of the corresponding equation is positive, the parabola opens upward. If the coefficient is negative, the parabola opens downward.
A quadratic function is a polynomial function of degree 2 that can always be written in the form y=ax2+bx+c, with a=0. Notice that the highest exponent of the independent variable is 2. The graph of any quadratic function is a vertical parabola.
Consider the graph of a function. Identify whether the graph shows a parabola or not.
Consider the graph of a quadratic function. Is the leading coefficient of the parabola positive or negative?
Each pair of numbers in the table of values is an ordered pair that represents the coordinates of a point on the graph. Plot all the points and then connect them with a smooth curve.
The following table of values is given for the bridge in the shape of a parabola. There, x represents the distance from the base of one side of the bridge, while y represent the height of the bridge over the ground.
x | y |
---|---|
0 | -0.6 |
1 | 0.5 |
2 | 1.4 |
4 | 2.6 |
6 | 3 |
8 | 2.6 |
10 | 1.4 |
12 | -0.6 |
Note that each pair of values of x and y forms an ordered pair (x,y). These ordered pairs are coordinates of the points on the parabola. Start by plotting them on a coordinate plane.
Now, connect the points with a smooth curve. This way the graph of the parabola is drawn.
The crew also brought some species of animals from the Earth. They started observing the changes in their populations over time. Here is the table of values that shows the changes in kangaroo population over the period of one year.
Use the table of values to graph the population growth of kangaroos. Note that x represents the number of month since the observation began and y represents the population of kangaroos in the thousands.
Each pair of numbers in the table of values is an ordered pair that represents the coordinates of a point on the graph. Plot all the points and then connect them with a smooth curve.
The following table of values represents the population of kangaroos over one year. Here, x represents the number of month since the observation began and y represents the population of kangaroos in thousands.
x | y |
---|---|
0 | 30 |
2 | 20 |
4 | 14 |
6 | 12 |
8 | 14 |
10 | 20 |
12 | 30 |
Note that each pair of values of x and y forms an ordered pair (x,y). These ordered pairs are coordinates of the points on the parabola. Start by plotting them on a coordinate plane.
Now, connect the points with a smooth curve. This way the graph of the parabola is obtained.
Each pair of numbers in the table of values is an ordered pair that represents the coordinates of a point on the graph. Plot all the points and then connect them with a smooth curve.
Consider the table of values that represents the total number of communication devices y on Harmonica after x days of working on this task.
x | y |
---|---|
0 | 0 |
1 | 0.8 |
2 | 3.2 |
3 | 7.2 |
4 | 12.8 |
5 | 20 |
6 | 28.8 |
Note that each pair of values of x and y forms an ordered pair (x,y). These ordered pairs are coordinates of the points on the parabola. Start by plotting them on a coordinate plane.
Now, connect the points with a smooth curve. This way the graph of the parabola is obtained.
Finally, use the graph to determine how many communication devices there will be on Harmonica on Day 7. Draw an arrow from x=7 to the parabola and then from the parabola to the y-axis.
Therefore, there will be about 40 communication devices on Day 7.
Let's recall that a quadratic expression is an expression with the highest degree equal 2. Consider the given algebraic expression. 1-2x+3x^2-4x^3+5-6x+7x^2 We can see that there are multiple combinations of like terms. Simplify this expression by combining like terms.
The highest degree of the expression is 3. This means that this is not a quadratic expression.
Let's recall that a quadratic expression is an expression with the highest degree equal 2. Consider the given algebraic expression. 21x-13x^2+2x^4+7+5x^2-2x^4+8 We can see that there are multiple combinations of like terms. Simplify this expression by combining like terms.
The highest degree of the expression is 2. Therefore, this is a quadratic expression.
Consider the following graphs of functions.
We need to identify which graphs show quadratic functions. Let's recall that the graph of a quadratic function is a parabola.
Definition of a Parabola |-A parabola is a symmetrical curve where each point is equidistant from another point called the locus located between the legs of the parabola.
Now, let's analyze all the given graphs.
We can see that II is a line and not a parabola. Also, III is a horizontal curve, but it is not symmetrical. At the same time, I and IV do meet the definition of a parabola. Therefore, I and IV are the graphs of quadratic functions.
Consider the following graphs of functions.
We need to identify which graphs show quadratic functions. Let's recall that the graph of a quadratic function is a parabola.
Definition of a Parabola |-A parabola is a symmetrical curve where each point is equidistant from another point called the locus located between the legs of the parabola.
Now, let's analyze all the given graphs.
We can see that I is a line and not a parabola. Additionally, IV is a curve whose one leg points down and another leg points up. This means that IV is also not a parabola. Conversely, II and III do meet the definition of a parabola, which means that they are the graphs of quadratic functions.
Consider a parabola.
Let's consider the given parabola.
First, we need to recall the definition of the leading coefficient.
Leading Coefficient |-In a polynomial, the coefficient in front of the term with the highest degree is called the leading coefficient.
Also, we need to remember two facts.
In this case, the parabola points upwards, which means that its leading coefficient is positive.
We also need to determine the coordinates of the vertex of the parabola. Let's consider the parabola and find the coordinates of the lowest point.
Therefore, the coordinates of the vertex are (1,- 4).
Consider a parabola.
Let's consider the given parabola.
First, we need to recall the definition of the leading coefficient.
Leading Coefficient |-In a polynomial, the coefficient in front of the term with the highest degree is called the leading coefficient.
Also, we need to remember two facts.
In this case, the parabola points downwards, which means that its leading coefficient is negative.
We also need to determine the coordinates of the vertex of the parabola. Let's consider the parabola and find the coordinates of the highest point.
Therefore, the coordinates of the vertex are (2,3).