Envision Math 2.0: Grade 8, Volume 1
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4. Construct Functions to Model Linear Relationships
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Exercise 15 Page 188

Practice makes perfect

We are given the following graph.

The graph
The graph shows the relationship between the number of cubic yards of mulch ordered and the total cost of the mulch delivered. We want to find the constant rate of change. Let's start by marking two lattice points on the graph of the line! Recall that a lattice point is a point that lies perfectly on the grid lines.
The graph with two points marked
Now we can use these points to calculate the constant rate of change. We will start by recalling the Slope Formula. m = y_2- y_1/x_2- x_1 In this formula, ( x_1, y_1) and ( x_2, y_2) are two points on the line and m is the constant rate of change. In our case, ( x_1, y_1)= ( 0, 50) and ( x_2, y_2)= ( 10, 300). Let's substitute these values into the formula and find the value of m.
m = y_2-y_1/x_2-x_1
m=300- 50/10- 0
â–Ľ
Simplify right-hand side
m=250/10
m=25
In our function, a constant rate of change of 25 represents the increase of the cost for each cubic yard of mulch.
We are given the following graph.
The graph

The graph shows the relationship between the number of cubic yards of mulch ordered and the total cost of the mulch delivered. We want to find the initial value. Recall that an initial value is the y-coordinate of the point where the line crosses the y-axis. Let's mark this point on the graph!

The graph with the point marked

Note that this point is the lattice point, so we already know its coordinates. Recall that a lattice point is a point that lies perfectly on the grid lines. Therefore, the initial value is equal to 50. The initial value of 50 might represent the cost of the delivery that does not depend on the amount of mulch.