McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012
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McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012 View details
5. Law of Cosines
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Exercise 32 Page 827

Use the Law of Cosines to find the third side.

q ≈ 16
S ≈ 48^(∘)
R ≈ 107^(∘)

Practice makes perfect

Let's begin by color coding the opposite angles and sides in the given triangle. It will help us use the Law of Sines and Law of Cosines later.

Let's find the length of q and measures of ∠ R, ∠ S one at a time.

Finding q

The measures of two sides and their included angle are given. Therefore, we can use the Law of Cosines to find q. q^2 = r^2 + s^2 - 2rscos Q Let's substitute r= 36.2, s= 28, and Q= 25^(∘).

q^2 = r^2 + s^2 - 2rscos Q
q^2 = 36.2^2+ 28^2 - 2( 36.2)( 28) cos 25^(∘)
â–¼
Solve for q
q^2 = 1310.44 + 784 - 2(36.2)(28)cos 25^(∘)
q^2 = 1310.44 + 784 - 2027.2cos 25^(∘)
q^2 = 2094.44 - 2027.2cos 25^(∘)
q^2 = 2094.44 - 2027.2(0.906307...)
q^2 = 2094.44 - 1837.265550...
q^2 = 257.17445...
q = sqrt(257.17445...)
q = 16.036659...
q ≈ 16.0

Finding m ∠ S

Now that we know the length of q, we can find m ∠ S using the Law of Sines. sin Q/q =sin S/s Let's substitute Q = 25^(∘), q ≈ 16, and s = 28 to isolate sin S.

sin Q/q =sin S/s
sin 25^(∘)/16 = sin S/28
â–¼
Solve for sin S
28 sin 25^(∘)/16 = sin S
sin S =28 sin 25^(∘)/16

Now we can use the inverse sine ratio to find m ∠ S.

m ∠ S = sin ^(-1) (28sin 25^(∘)/16)
m ∠ S ≈ 47.695816...^(∘)
m ∠ S ≈ 48^(∘)

Finding m ∠ R

Finally, to find m ∠ R we can use the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem. This tells us that the measures of the angles in a triangle add up to 180^(∘). 25^(∘) + m∠ R + 48^(∘) = 180^(∘) ⇔ m ∠ R ≈ 107^(∘)

Completing the Triangle

With all of the angle measures, we can complete our diagram.

Extra

The Law of Cosines can be visualized by drawing a triangle and labeling angles and sides.

Triangle

Similarly, the Law of Sines can also be visualized by drawing a triangle and labeling angles and sides.

triangle