McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012
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McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012 View details
5. Law of Cosines
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Exercise 26 Page 826

Practice makes perfect
a

A triangular plot of farm land measures 0.9 by 0.5 by 1.25 miles. We want to find the angles between each side of the fence situated on the borders of the land. Let's consider this on a diagram. We will name each corner of the fence.

Let's find the angle measures one at a time.

Finding m∠ B

We will start with finding the measure of the largest angle, ∠ B. To do so we can use the Law of Cosines.

Let's substitute a= 0.5, b= 1.25, and c= 0.9 to isolate cos B.

b^2=a^2+c^2 -2 a c cos B
( 1.25)^2=( 0.5)^2+( 0.9)^2 -2 ( 0.5)( 0.9) cos B
â–¼
Solve for cos B
1.5625=0.25+0.81-2(0.5)(0.9)cos B
1.5625=0.25+0.81-0.9cos B
1.5625=1.06-0.9cos B
0.5025=- 0.9 cos B
0.5025/- 0.9=cos B
-0.5025/0.9=cos B
- 0.558333...=cos B
cos B=- 0.558333...
cos B ≈ - 0.56

Now, we can use the inverse cosine ratio and a calculator to find m ∠ B.

m ∠ B = cos ^(-1) (- 0.56)
m ∠ B ≈ 124.055797...
m ∠ B ≈ 124

Finding m∠ C

Now that we know the measure of ∠ B, we can find m ∠ C using the Law of Sines.

Let's substitute b= 1.25, c= 0.9, and m ∠ B ≈ 124 to isolate sin C.

sin B/b =sin C/c
sin 124/1.25 = sin C/0.9
â–¼
Solve for sin C
0.9 sin 124/1.25 = sin C
sin C = 0.9 sin 124/1.25

Now we can use the inverse sine ratio to find m ∠ C.

m ∠ C = sin ^(-1) 0.9 sin 124/1.25
m ∠ C ≈ 36.648701...
m ∠ C ≈ 37

Finding m∠ A

Finally, to find m ∠ A we can use the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem. This tells us that the measures of the angles in a triangle add up to 180. m ∠ A+ 124+ 37 = 180 ⇔ m ∠ A ≈ 19 Finally, we have that the angles at which the fences of the three sides meet are 124^(∘), 37^(∘) and 19^(∘).

b

We will now find the area of the plot of land. Let's add the angle measures to our diagram.

To find the desired area we will use the formula for finding the area of a triangle using sine. Area=1/2ac sin B In our triangle we have a= 0.5, c= 0.9, and m∠ B≈ 124^(∘). We can substitute these values into the formula to find the area. Let's do it!

Area=1/2ac sin B
Area=1/2( 0.5)( 0.9) sin 124^(∘)
â–¼
Simplify right-hand side
Area=1/2(0.45) sin 124^(∘)
Area=0.45/2 sin 124^(∘)
Area=0.225 sin 124^(∘)
Area=0.225(0.829037... )
Area=0.186533325...
Area≈ 0.19

The area of the plot of farm land is approximately 0.19 square miles.