McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012
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McGraw Hill Glencoe Algebra 2, 2012 View details
5. Law of Cosines
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Exercise 1 Page 825

Use the Law of Cosines to find the missing side length.

A ≈ 36^(∘)
C ≈ 52^(∘)
b ≈ 5.1

Practice makes perfect

Let's begin by color coding the opposite angles and sides in the given triangle. It will help us use the Law of Sines and Law of Cosines later.

Let's find the value of b and measures of ∠ A, ∠ C one at a time.

Finding b

We are given two sides and their included angle. Therefore, we can use the Law of Cosines to find the third side. b^2=a^2 + c^2 - 2ac cos B Let's substitute a= 3, c= 4, and B= 92^(∘).
b^2=a^2 + c^2 - 2ac cos B
b^2= 3^2 + 4^2 - 2( 3)( 4) cos 92^(∘)
Simplify right-hand side
b^2 = 9 + 16 - 2(3)(4)cos 92^(∘)
b^2 = 9 + 16 - 24cos 92^(∘)
b^2 = 9 + 16 - (- 0.837587...)
b^2 = 9 + 16 + 0.837587...
b^2 = 25.837587 ...
b = sqrt(25.837587 ...)
b = 5.083068 ...
b ≈ 5.1

Finding m ∠ A

Now that we know the length of b, we can find m ∠ A using the Law of Sines. sin A/a = sin B/b Let's substitute a= 3, b= 5.1, and B = 92^(∘) to isolate sin A.
sin A/a = sin B/b
sin A/3 = sin 92^(∘)/5.1
sin A = 3sin 92^(∘)/5.1
Now we can use the inverse sine ratio to find m ∠ A.
m ∠ A = sin ^(-1) (3sin 92^(∘)/5.1)
m ∠ A = 36.006494...^(∘)
m ∠ A ≈ 36^(∘)

Finding m ∠ C

Finally, to find m ∠ C we can use the Triangle Angle Sum Theorem. This tells us that the measures of the angles in a triangle add up to 180^(∘). 36^(∘) + 92^(∘) + m∠ C = 180^(∘) ⇔ m ∠ C ≈ 52^(∘)

Completing the Triangle

With all of the angle measures, we can complete our diagram.

Extra

The Law of Cosines can be visualized by drawing a triangle and labeling angles and sides.
Triangle
Similarly, the Law of Sines can also be visualized by drawing a triangle and labeling angles and sides.
triangle