Big Ideas Math Algebra 2, 2014
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Big Ideas Math Algebra 2, 2014 View details
7. Transformations of Polynomial Functions
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Exercise 33 Page 210

Use the volume formula V= π3 r^2h.

V(x)=3π x^2(x+3)
W(x)=π/9 x^2(x+9)
W(3)=12π
The volume of the cone when x is 3 feet is 12π≈ 37.7 cubic yards.

Practice makes perfect

We are asked to write an expression for the volume of a right circular cone with the following dimensions.

Dimension Expression
Radius of the base r=3x
Height h=x+3 yards

We are asked to write two different expressions. One when x is given in yards, and one when x is given in feet. In both cases the volume needs to be given in cubic yards.

x is measured in yards

Let's use the volume formula for the cone. V=π r^2h/3 Now we will substitute the expressions in this volume formula.
V=π r^2h/3
V(x)=π (3x)^2(x+3)/3
Simplify right-hand side
V(x)=π 3^2x^2(x+3)/3
V(x)=3π x^2(x+3)
The volume of the cone when x is measured in yards is V(x)=3π x^2(x+3) cubic yards.

x is measured in feet

If x is measured in feet but we still need the volume in cubic yards, we need to use a unit conversion. xfeet isx/3yards To find the new expression for the volume, we need to substitute x with x3 in V(x). V( x)=3π x^2( x+3) ⇓ V( x/3)=3π ( x/3)^2( x/3+3) Let's simplify this expression.
W(x)=V(x/3)
W(x)=3π (x/3)^2(x/3+3)
Simplify right-hand side
W(x)=3π (x/3)^2(x/3+9/3)
W(x)=3π (x/3)^2*x+9/3
W(x)=3π *x^2/9*x+9/3
W(x)=3π x^2(x+9)/9*3
W(x)=π x^2(x+9)/9
W(x)=π/9 x^2(x+9)
The volume of the cone when x is measured in feet is W(x)= π9 x^2(x+9) cubic yards.

Finding and Interpreting W(3)

We are asked to find and interpret W(3). Let's substitute x=3 in W(x).
W(x)=π/9 x^2(x+9)
W( 3)=π/9* 3^2*( 3+9)
Evaluate right-hand side
W(3)=π(3+9)
W(3)=12π
Using the meaning of W(x), we can conclude that the volume of the cone when x is 3 feet is 12π≈ 37.7 cubic yards.

Checking Our Answer

Let's check the answer.

We can check our answer by finding the dimensions of the cone in yards and calculating the volume directly.

Dimension Expression Length
Radius of the base r=3x 3* 3 feet, or 3 yards
Height h=x+3 yards 3 feet and 3 yards, or 4 yards
Let's see what the volume formula gives with these measurements.
V=π r^2h/3
V=π ( 3^2)( 4)/3
Evaluate right-hand side
V=π* 3* 4
V=12π
This matches the volume we got in our solution.