Transformations of Exponential Functions

We want to graph the given function $g(x)=4^{x}-8$ as a transformation of the function $f(x)=4^x.$ $\begin{gathered} g(x)=4^{x}-8 \quad \Leftrightarrow \quad g(x)=4^{x}+({\color{#0000FF}{\text{-} 8}}) \end{gathered}$ Looking at the function, we can see that it has been translated ${\color{#0000FF}{8}}$ units down.