Pearson Algebra 1 Common Core, 2011
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Pearson Algebra 1 Common Core, 2011 View details
4. Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions
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Exercise 36 Page 688

See solution.

Practice makes perfect

We are asked to write two rational expressions with different denominators, find their least common denominator (LCD), and then calculate their sum. A rational expression is a fraction whose numerator and denominator are polynomials. Rational Expression:polynomial/polynomial Knowing this, let's write two arbitrary rational expressions with different denominators.

Numerator Denominator Rational Expression
x^2-1 2x^2 x^2-1/2x^2
3x+2 x^2+x 3x+2/x^2+x
Now we will find the LCD of our rational expressions. To do so, let's complete the following steps.

  1. Write each denominator as a product of its prime factors.
  2. Calculate the LCD as the product of the prime factors of the denominators, each raised to the greatest power that occurs in the factored denominators.

Note that, in this case, a prime factor is either a prime number or a polynomial that cannot be further factored. Denominator1: & 2x^2 = 2* x* x Denominator2: & x^2+x = x*( x+1) LCD: & 2* x* x*( x+1) We have found the LCD. Now we can use it to rewrite each of our rational expressions so that they have the same denominator. To rewrite these rational expressions, we will multiply the numerator and the denominator by the factors that are missing from the current denominator. First, let's multiply the numerator and the denominator of x^2-12x^2 by x+1.

x^2-1/2x^2
(x^2-1)*( x+1)/2x^2*( x+1)
â–¼
Simplify numerator
x^2*(x+1)-1* (x+1)/2x^2* (x+1)
x^3+x^2-x-1/2x^2* (x+1)
x^3+x^2-x-1/2x^3+2x^2

Next we will rewrite 3x+2x^2+x by multiplying its numerator and denominator by 2 x.

3x+2/x^2+x
(3x+2)* 2 x/(x^2+x)* 2 x
6x^2+4x/2x^3+2x^2

We have rewritten both of our rational expressions so that they have a denominator of 2x^3+2x^2. Note that this is the standard form of the LCD 2* x* x* (x+1) that we wrote earlier. 2* x* x* (x+1)=2x^3+2x^2 Finally, we will add the rational expressions. Remember that adding rational expressions with like denominators means adding their numerators.

x^2-1/2x^2+3x+2/x^2+x
x^3+x^2-x-1/2x^3+2x^2+3x+2/x^2+x
x^3+x^2-x-1/2x^3+2x^2+6x^2+4x/2x^3+2x^2
x^3+x^2-x-1+6x^2+4x/2x^3+2x^2
x^3+7x^2+3x-1/2x^3+2x^2

The sum of x^2-12x^2 and 3x+2x^2+x is x^3+7x^2+3x-12x^3+2x^2. Here are some other examples of sums of two rational expressions with different denominators.

Sum LCD Rewritten Sum Result
2/x+x/x+1 x* (x+1)=x^2+x 2x+2/x^2+x+x^2/x^2+x x^2+2x+2/x^2+x
6/5x^2+1/2x 5* x* x* 2=10x^2 12/10x^2+5x/10x^2 5x+12/10x^2
x^2/x^2-1+x/x+1 (x-1)* (x+1)=x^2-1 x^2/x^2-1+x^2-x/x^2-1 2x^2-x/x^2-1