McGraw Hill Integrated II, 2012
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McGraw Hill Integrated II, 2012 View details
5. Angles of Elevation and Depression
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Exercise 40 Page 669

What type of polygon is the quadrilateral EFGH? What is the relation between ∠ E and ∠ G? Use the Angle-Angle (AA) Similarity Postulate.

Statements
Reasons
1.
JF bisects ∠ EFG
1.
Given
2.
∠ EFJ ≅ ∠ GFJ
2.
Definition of angle bisector
3.
EH∥ FG and EF∥ HG
3.
Given
4.
EFGH is a parallelogram
4.
Definition of parallelogram
5.
∠ E ≅ ∠ G
5.
Opposite angles in a parallelogram are congruent
6.
△ EFK ≅ △ GFJ
6.
Angle-Angle (AA) Similarity Postulate
7.
EK/KF = GJ/JF
7.
Definition of similar triangles
Practice makes perfect

Let's begin by marking the parallel segments in the given diagram and the congruent angles.

Notice that EFGH is a parallelogram, and therefore ∠ E ≅ ∠ G. In consequence, by the Angle-Angle (AA) Similarity Postulate we conclude that △ EFK ~ △ GFJ.

Finally, by definition of similar triangles, we obtain the required relation. △ EFK ~ △ GFJ ⇒ EK/KF = GJ/JF ✓

Two-Column Proof Table

In the table below we summarize the proof we did before.

Statements
Reasons
1.
JF bisects ∠ EFG
1.
Given
2.
∠ EFJ ≅ ∠ GFJ
2.
Definition of angle bisector
3.
EH∥ FG and EF∥ HG
3.
Given
4.
EFGH is a parallelogram
4.
Definition of parallelogram
5.
∠ E ≅ ∠ G
5.
Opposite angles in a parallelogram are congruent
6.
△ EFK ≅ △ GFJ
6.
Angle-Angle (AA) Similarity Postulate
7.
EK/KF = GJ/JF
7.
Definition of similar triangles