Similarity Theorems About Triangles

Rule

Triangle Proportionality Theorem

If a segment parallel to one of the sides of a triangle is drawn between the other sides, the segment divides the other two sides proportionally.

Based on the diagram, the following relation holds true.

If DE ∥ AB, then AD/DC=BE/EC

Proof

Since DE and AB are parallel, by the Corresponding Angles Theorem, ∠ CDE and ∠ CAB are congruent. Similarly, ∠ CED and ∠ CBA are congruent.

Therefore, by the Angle-Angle Similarity Theorem, △ ABC and △ DEC are similar. Consequently, their corresponding sides are proportional. △ ABC ~ △ DEC ⇓ AC/DC=BC/EC Applying the Segment Addition Postulate, both numerators can be rewritten. AC &= AD+DC BC &= BE+EC Substituting these expressions into the equation above, the required proportion will be obtained.

AC/DC=BC/EC
AD+DC/DC=BE+EC/EC
AD/DC+DC/DC=BE/EC+EC/EC
AD/DC+1=BE/EC+1
AD/DC=BE/EC

Exercises
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