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A factor tree is a diagram that shows the prime factors of a number. The tree begins with a root node that contains the number whose prime factorization is needed. Two branches extend from the root node and connect to a factor pair of the number. This process continues by breaking each factor into its factors until only prime factors appear at the end of the branches.
Factor trees help express the prime factorization of a number by using the prime factors at the end of the branches.