Big Ideas Math Integrated I, 2016
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Big Ideas Math Integrated I, 2016 View details
2. Exponential Growth and Decay
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Exercise 6 Page 285

The formula that gives the balance y of an account earning compound interest is y=P( 1+ rn )^(nt), where P is the principal, r is the annual interest rate, t is the time in years, and n is the number of times the interest is compounded in one year.

Function: y=500(1.0075)^(12t)
Graph:

Practice makes perfect

Compound interest is the interest earned on the principal and on previously earned interest. Let's recall the formula that gives the balance y of an account earning compound interest. y= P( 1+r/n )^(n t) In this formula, P is the principal, or initial amount, r is the annual interest rate written in decimal form, t is the time in years, and n is the number of times the interest is compounded in one year. Let's pay close attention to the given exercise.

<premium partialsolution=1>$ 500 is deposited in a savings account that earns 9 % annual interest compounded monthly.

We can immediately identify P as 500. Also, the annual interest rate, written as a decimal number, is 0.09. Finally, since the interest is compounded monthly and there are 12 months in one year, we have that n= 12. Let's substitute these values into the formula and simplify.

y=P( 1+r/n )^(nt)
y= 500( 1+0.09/12 )^(12t)
y=500(1+0.0075)^(12t)
y=500(1.0075)^(12t)

To graph the function we will make a table of values. Since time is always greater than or equal to 0, we will assign non-negative values for t.

t 500(1.0075)^(12t) y=500(1.0075)^(12t)
0 500(1.0075)^(12( 0)) 500
1 500(1.0075)^(12( 1)) ≈ 547
3 500(1.0075)^(12( 3)) ≈ 654
5 500(1.0075)^(12( 5)) ≈ 783
10 500(1.0075)^(12( 10)) ≈ 1226

Let's now plot and connect the obtained points. Since both variables are non-negative, we will only draw in the first quadrant.

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