Big Ideas Math Algebra 2, 2014
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Big Ideas Math Algebra 2, 2014 View details
3. Collecting Data
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Exercise 5 Page 613

What are the differences between an experiment, an observational study, a survey, and a simulation?

Survey, see solution.

Practice makes perfect

We want to determine the type of study being conducted in the described situation.

Members of a student council at your school ask every eighth student who enters the cafeteria whether they like the snacks in the school's vending machines.

To do so, let's first recall the different types of studies and their definitions.

Study Type Definition
Experiment The sample is divided into one or more groups that undergo a change in order to collect data on their response. The effects of the experiment are then measured and compared with other groups, for instance with a control group that does not undergo a change.
Observational Study Members of a sample are measured or observed without being affected by the study.
Survey Data are collected from responses given by a sample regarding their characteristics, behaviors, or opinions.
Simulation Uses a model to reproduce a situation or a process so that the simulated outcomes closely match the real-world outcomes.

In our situation, the data are obtained from answers given by every eighth person that enters the cafeteria. Therefore, the situation describes a survey.